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Zinayi mphira konkire zitsulo chitoliro (RuCFST) zinthu, mmodzi konkire zitsulo chitoliro (CFST) chinthu ndi chinthu chopanda kanthu anayesedwa pansi koyera kupinda mikhalidwe.Magawo akuluakulu ndi shear ratio (λ) kuchokera ku 3 mpaka 5 ndi rabara m'malo mwake (r) kuchokera 10% mpaka 20%.Njira yopindika-yopindika, yokhotakhota-yokhotakhota, komanso yopindika-yopindika nthawi imapezeka.Njira yowonongera konkriti yokhala ndi mphira ya rabara idawunikidwa.Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti mtundu wa kulephera kwa mamembala a RuCFST ndi kulephera kwa bend.Ming'alu ya konkire ya mphira imagawidwa mofanana komanso mochepa, ndipo kudzaza konkire yapakati ndi mphira kumalepheretsa kukula kwa ming'alu.Chiŵerengero cha kukameta ubweya kwa span chinali ndi zotsatira zochepa pa khalidwe la zitsanzo zoyesera.Kuthamanga kwa mphira kumakhudza pang'ono kupirira mphindi yopindika, koma kumakhala ndi zotsatira zina pakuumirira kwachitsanzo.Pambuyo podzaza ndi konkire ya mphira, poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo za chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda kanthu, mphamvu yopindika ndi kuuma kopindika kumakhala bwino.
Chifukwa cha machitidwe awo abwino a chivomezi komanso mphamvu zonyamula katundu, zida zachikhalidwe zolimba za konkriti (CFST) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muukadaulo wamakono1,2,3.Monga mtundu watsopano wa konkire ya mphira, tinthu tating'ono ta mphira timagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa magulu achilengedwe.Zomangamanga za Rubber Concrete Filled Steel Pipe (RuCFST) zimapangidwa ndikudzaza mapaipi achitsulo ndi konkire ya mphira kuti awonjezere ductility ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zamagulu ophatikizika4.Sizimangotengera ntchito yabwino ya mamembala a CFST, komanso imagwiritsa ntchito bwino zinyalala za rabara, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zosowa za chitukuko cha chuma chobiriwira chozungulira5,6.
M'zaka zingapo zapitazi, khalidwe la mamembala achikhalidwe a CFST pansi pa axial load7,8, axial load-moment interaction9,10,11 ndi bending12,13,14 yoyera yawerengedwa mozama.Zotsatirazi zikuwonetsa kuti mphamvu yopindika, kuuma, ductility ndi mphamvu yotaya mphamvu ya mizati ya CFST ndi matabwa amawongoleredwa ndi kudzazidwa kwa konkire mkati ndikuwonetsa bwino fracture ductility.
Pakalipano, ofufuza ena aphunzira khalidwe ndi machitidwe a mizati ya RuCFST pansi pa katundu wa axial.Liu ndi Liang15 anachita zoyesera zingapo pamizati yaifupi ya RuCFST, ndipo poyerekeza ndi mizati ya CFST, mphamvu yobereka ndi kuuma kunachepa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa digiri ya mphira m'malo ndi kukula kwa tinthu ta mphira, pamene ductility chinawonjezeka.Duarte4,16 idayesa magawo angapo afupiafupi a RuCFST ndikuwonetsa kuti mizati ya RuCFST inali yocheperako komanso kuchuluka kwa mphira.Liang17 ndi Gao18 adanenanso zotsatira zofananira pazomwe zili ndi mapulagi a RuCFST osalala komanso opyapyala.Gu et al.19 ndi Jiang et al.20 anaphunzira mphamvu yonyamula zinthu za RuCFST pa kutentha kwakukulu.Zotsatira zinasonyeza kuti kuwonjezeredwa kwa mphira kunawonjezera ductility ya kapangidwe kake.Pamene kutentha kumakwera, mphamvu yonyamula poyamba imachepa pang'ono.Patel21 adasanthula machitidwe ophatikizika komanso osinthika amitengo yaifupi ya CFST ndi mizati yokhala ndi malekezero ozungulira pansi pa axial ndi uniaxial loading.Ma computational modelling ndi parametric analysis akuwonetsa kuti njira zofananira zotengera ulusi zimatha kuwunika bwino momwe ma RCFST afupikitsa amagwirira ntchito.Kusinthasintha kumawonjezeka ndi chiŵerengero cha mawonekedwe, mphamvu yachitsulo ndi konkriti, ndipo imachepa ndi kuya kwa chiŵerengero cha makulidwe.Kawirikawiri, mizati yaifupi ya RuCFST imachita mofanana ndi mizati ya CFST ndipo imakhala yochepa kwambiri kuposa mizati ya CFST.
Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku ndemanga yomwe ili pamwambayi kuti mizati ya RuCFST imayenda bwino pambuyo pogwiritsira ntchito bwino zowonjezera mphira muzitsulo zazitsulo za CFST.Popeza palibe katundu wa axial, kupindika kwa ukonde kumachitika kumapeto kwa chipilalacho.M'malo mwake, mawonekedwe opindika a RuCFST sadalira mawonekedwe a axial katundu22.Muukadaulo wothandiza, zomanga za RuCFST nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolemetsa zopindika.Kuphunzira kwa zinthu zake zopindika koyera kumathandiza kudziwa mapindikidwe ndi kulephera kwazinthu za RuCFST pansi pa seismic action23.Pazinthu za RuCFST, ndikofunikira kuti muphunzire zopindika zoyera za zinthu za RuCFST.
Pachifukwa ichi, zitsanzo zisanu ndi chimodzi anayesedwa kuphunzira mawotchi zimatha mwangwiro yokhota kumapeto zitsulo lalikulu chitoliro zinthu.Nkhani yonseyi yakonzedwa motere.Choyamba, zitsanzo zisanu ndi chimodzi zokhala ndi mphira kapena zopanda kudzazidwa zinayesedwa.Onani kulephera kwachitsanzo chilichonse pazotsatira za mayeso.Chachiwiri, machitidwe a zinthu za RuCFST mu kupindika koyera adawunikidwa, ndipo zotsatira za kumeta ubweya wa 3-5 ndi mphira wa 10-20% pamagulu a RuCFST adakambidwa.Pomaliza, kusiyana kwa mphamvu yonyamula katundu ndi kuuma kopindika pakati pa zinthu za RuCFST ndi zinthu zachikhalidwe za CFST zikuyerekezedwa.
Zitsanzo zisanu ndi chimodzi za CFST zinamalizidwa, zinayi zodzazidwa ndi konkire ya labala, imodzi yodzazidwa ndi konkire wamba, ndipo yachisanu ndi chimodzi inali yopanda kanthu.Zotsatira za kusintha kwa rabara (r) ndi span shear ratio (λ) zikukambidwa.Zigawo zazikulu za chitsanzo zaperekedwa mu Table 1. Chilembo t chimasonyeza makulidwe a chitoliro, B ndi kutalika kwa mbali ya chitsanzo, L ndi kutalika kwa chitsanzo, Mue ndiye mphamvu yopindika, Kie ndiye woyamba. kuuma kuuma, Kse ndiye kuuma kopindika muutumiki.chochitika.
Chitsanzo cha RuCFST chinapangidwa kuchokera ku mbale zinayi zazitsulo zowotcherera awiriawiri kuti apange chubu chachitsulo chokhala ndi dzenje, chomwe chinadzazidwa ndi konkire.Chitsulo chachitsulo cha 10 mm wandiweyani chimawotchedwa kumapeto kwa chitsanzocho.Zida zamakina azitsulo zikuwonetsedwa mu Table 2. Malingana ndi muyezo wa China GB / T228-201024, mphamvu zowonongeka (fu) ndi mphamvu zokolola (fy) za chitoliro chachitsulo zimatsimikiziridwa ndi njira yoyesera yoyesera.Zotsatira zoyeserera ndi 260 MPa ndi 350 MPa motsatana.Modulus of elasticity (Es) ndi 176 GPa, ndipo chiŵerengero cha Poisson (ν) chachitsulo ndi 0.3.
Pakuyesa, mphamvu ya cubic compressive (fcu) ya konkire yowunikira patsiku 28 idawerengedwa pa 40 MPa.Magawo 3, 4 ndi 5 adasankhidwa kutengera zomwe zalembedwa kale 25 popeza izi zitha kuwulula zovuta zilizonse pakupatsirana kosintha.Mitengo iwiri yosinthira mphira ya 10% ndi 20% ilowa m'malo mwa mchenga mu kusakaniza konkire.Mu kafukufukuyu, ufa wamba wa matayala opangidwa kuchokera ku Tianyu Cement Plant (mtundu wa Tianyu ku China) unagwiritsidwa ntchito.Kukula kwa mphira ndi 1-2 mm.Gulu 3 likuwonetsa chiŵerengero cha konkire ya mphira ndi zosakaniza.Pamtundu uliwonse wa konkire ya mphira, ma cubes atatu okhala ndi mbali ya 150 mm adaponyedwa ndikuchiritsidwa pansi pamiyeso yoyesedwa ndi miyezo.Mchenga womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito posakaniza ndi mchenga wa siliceous ndipo coarse aggregate ndi thanthwe la carbonate ku Shenyang City, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa China.The 28-day kiyubic compressive mphamvu (fcu), prismatic compressive mphamvu (fc') ndi modulus of elasticity (Ec) kwa osiyanasiyana mphira m'malo mareshoni (10% ndi 20%) akuwonetsedwa mu Table 3. Gwiritsani ntchito muyezo wa GB50081-201926.
Zitsanzo zonse zoyesedwa zimayesedwa ndi silinda ya hydraulic ndi mphamvu ya 600 kN.Pakutsitsa, mphamvu ziwiri zoyikirana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mofananira poyeserera nsonga zinayi zopindika kenako ndikugawidwa pachitsanzocho.Deformation imayezedwa ndi ma geji asanu amtundu uliwonse pachitsanzo chilichonse.Kupatuka kumawonedwa pogwiritsa ntchito masensa atatu osamuka omwe akuwonetsedwa mu Zithunzi 1 ndi 2. 1 ndi 2.
Mayesowa adagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yotsitsa.Katundu pa liwiro la 2kN/s, ndiye kaye pa katundu mpaka 10kN, onani ngati chida ndi katundu selo ali mu chikhalidwe ntchito bwinobwino.Mkati mwa bandi yotanuka, kuwonjezereka kwa katundu aliyense kumakhudza zosakwana gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi la katundu wonenedweratu.Chitoliro chachitsulo chikatha, katundu wogwiritsidwa ntchito amakhala wosakwana gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi ndi asanu a chiwerengero chapamwamba chomwe chinanenedweratu.Gwirani kwa mphindi ziwiri mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito mulingo uliwonse wa katundu panthawi yokweza.Pamene chitsanzocho chikuyandikira kulephera, mlingo wa kukweza kosalekeza ukuchepa.Pamene katundu wa axial ufika pansi pa 50% ya katundu womaliza kapena kuwonongeka koonekeratu kumapezeka pa chitsanzo, kutsitsa kumathetsedwa.
Kuwonongeka kwa zitsanzo zonse zoyesera kunawonetsa ductility zabwino.Palibe ming'alu yowoneka bwino yomwe idapezeka m'dera lokhazikika la chitoliro chachitsulo cha chidutswa choyesera.Mitundu yowonongeka kwa mapaipi achitsulo ikuwonetsedwa mkuyu.3. Kutenga chitsanzo cha SB1 mwachitsanzo, pa gawo loyambirira la kukweza pamene mphindi yopindika ili yochepa kuposa 18 kN m, chitsanzo cha SB1 chili mu siteji yotanuka popanda kupunduka koonekeratu, ndipo mlingo wa kuwonjezereka kwa mphindi yopindika ndi yaikulu kuposa kuchuluka kwa curvature.Pambuyo pake, chitoliro chachitsulo chomwe chili m'dera lokhazikika chimakhala chopunduka ndipo chimadutsa mugawo la zotanuka-pulasitiki.Pamene kupinda mphindi kufika pafupifupi 26 kNm, psinjika zone ya sing'anga-span zitsulo akuyamba kukula.Edema imayamba pang'onopang'ono pamene katundu ukuwonjezeka.Kupindika kwa katundu sikuchepa mpaka katunduyo afike pachimake.
Kuyesera kutatha, chitsanzo cha SB1 (RuCFST) ndi chitsanzo cha SB5 (CFST) chinadulidwa kuti chiwonetsetse bwino kulephera kwa konkire yapansi, monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu. SB1 amagawidwa mofanana ndi pang'ono mu konkire m'munsi, ndi mtunda pakati pawo ndi 10 mpaka 15 cm.Mtunda pakati pa ming'alu mu chitsanzo SB5 ndi kuchokera 5 mpaka 8 masentimita, ming'alu ndi yosawerengeka komanso yoonekeratu.Kuphatikiza apo, ming'alu yachitsanzo cha SB5 imakulitsa pafupifupi 90 ° kuchokera kumalo ovutikira kupita kumalo oponderezedwa ndikukula mpaka 3/4 ya kutalika kwa gawo.Ming'alu yayikulu ya konkire mu zitsanzo za SB1 ndi yaying'ono komanso yocheperako poyerekeza ndi chitsanzo cha SB5.Kusintha mchenga ndi mphira kungathe, pamlingo wina, kulepheretsa kukula kwa ming'alu ya konkire.
Pa mkuyu.5 ikuwonetsa kugawa kwapatuka pautali wa chitsanzo chilichonse.Mzere wolimba ndi wokhotakhota wa chidutswa choyesera ndipo mzere wamadontho ndi sinusoidal theka wave.Kuchokera mkuyu.Chithunzi 5 chikuwonetsa kuti kupindika kwa ndodo kumagwirizana bwino ndi sinusoidal theka-wave curve pakukweza koyambirira.Pamene katunduyo akuwonjezeka, mphuno yokhotakhota imachoka pang'ono kuchokera ku sinusoidal theka-wave curve.Monga lamulo, panthawi yotsitsa, mipiringidzo yokhotakhota ya zitsanzo zonse pamlingo uliwonse ndi symmetrical theka-sinusoidal curve.
Popeza kupatuka kwa zinthu za RuCFST pakupindika koyera kumatsata njira yokhotakhota ya sinusoidal theka-wave, equation yopindika imatha kufotokozedwa motere:
Pamene kuchuluka kwa ulusi wa ulusi ndi 0.01, poganizira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, nthawi yopindika yofananira imatsimikiziridwa ngati mphamvu yopindika ya chinthucho27.Kuyeza kwa mphindi yopindika (Mue) motere kutsimikiziridwa kukuwonetsedwa mu Table 1. Malingana ndi kuyesedwa kwa mphindi yopindika (Mue) ndi ndondomeko (3) yowerengera kupindika (φ), M-φ curve mu Chithunzi 6 ikhoza kukhala anakonza chiwembu.Kwa M = 0.2Mue28, kuuma koyambirira kwa Kie kumatengedwa ngati kukameta ubweya wofananirako.Pamene M = 0.6Mue, kuuma kopindika (Kse) kwa siteji yogwirira ntchito kunakhazikitsidwa ku kuuma kofanana kwa secant.
Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera pakupindika kwa mphindi yopindika kuti mphindi yopindika ndi kupindika kumawonjezeka motsatana mugawo lotanuka.Mlingo wa kukula kwa mphindi yopindika ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa wa kupindika.Pamene mphindi yopindika M ndi 0.2Mue, chitsanzocho chimafika pamtunda wokwanira.Pamene katundu akuchulukirachulukira, chitsanzocho chimalowa mkati mwa pulasitiki ndikudutsa mu siteji ya elastoplastic.Ndi mphindi yopindika M yofanana ndi 0.7-0.8 Mue, chitoliro chachitsulo chidzakhala chopunduka m'dera lazovuta komanso m'malo oponderezedwa mosinthana.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, Mf curve ya chitsanzo imayamba kudziwonetsera yokha ngati malo osinthika ndipo imakula mopanda mzere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitoliro chachitsulo chiphatikizidwe ndi mphira wa konkire.Pamene M ali wofanana ndi Mue, chitsanzocho chimalowa mu siteji yowumitsa pulasitiki, ndi kupotoza ndi kupindika kwa chitsanzocho kumawonjezeka mofulumira, pamene mphindi yopindika imakula pang'onopang'ono.
Pa mkuyu.7 ikuwonetsa mipiringidzo ya mphindi yopindika (M) motsutsana ndi kupsinjika (ε) pa chitsanzo chilichonse.Gawo lapamwamba la gawo lapakati lachitsanzo liri pansi pa kuponderezedwa, ndipo gawo lapansi liri pansi pa zovuta.Ma geji olembetsera olembedwa kuti "1" ndi "2" ali pamwamba pa gawo loyesera, ma geji amtundu wolembedwa "3" ali pakatikati pa chithunzicho, ndipo ma geji amtunduwu amalembedwa "4" ndi "5".” zili pansi pa mayeso.Chigawo cham'munsi cha chitsanzo chikuwonetsedwa mkuyu 2. Kuchokera pa chithunzi 7 zikhoza kuwoneka kuti pa gawo loyambirira la kukweza, ma deformation a longitudinal m'dera lachisokonezo ndi malo oponderezedwa a chinthucho ali pafupi kwambiri, ndipo zopindika pafupifupi liniya.Pakatikati, pali kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa nthawi yayitali, koma kukula kwa kuwonjezeka kumeneku ndi kochepa. Pambuyo pake, konkire ya mphira m'dera lachisokonezo inasweka. konkire mphira ndi zitsulo chitoliro mu psinjika zone kunyamula katundu pamodzi, mapindikidwe mu zone mavuto a chinthu ndi wamkulu kuposa mapindikidwe mu pamene katundu ukuwonjezeka, mapindikidwe amaposa mphamvu zokolola za chitsulo, ndi chitsulo chitoliro amalowa. siteji ya elastoplastic.Mlingo wa kuwonjezeka kwa kupsyinjika kwa chitsanzo kunali kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa mphindi yopindika, ndipo gawo la pulasitiki linayamba kukula mpaka gawo lonse la mtanda.
Mapiritsi a M-um pa chitsanzo chilichonse akuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 8. Pa mkuyu.8, ma curve onse a M-um amatsata zomwezo monga mamembala achikhalidwe a CFST22,27.Pazonse, ma curve a M-um amawonetsa kuyankha kosalala mu gawo loyambirira, kutsatiridwa ndi khalidwe losasunthika ndi kuuma kocheperako, mpaka mphindi yovomerezeka yopindika imafikira pang'onopang'ono.Komabe, chifukwa cha magawo osiyanasiyana oyesa, ma curve a M-um ndi osiyana pang'ono.Nthawi yokhotakhota ya kumeta ubweya-kuyambira pa 3 mpaka 5 ikuwonetsedwa mkuyu.8 a.Kuthekera kopinda kololedwa kwa chitsanzo cha SB2 (kumeta ubweya wa chinthu λ = 4) ndi 6.57% kutsika kuposa chitsanzo cha SB1 (λ = 5), ndipo kutha kupindika mphindi ya chitsanzo SB3 (λ = 3) ndi yayikulu kuposa yachitsanzo SB2 (λ = 4) 3.76%.Kawirikawiri, pamene chiŵerengero cha shear-to-span chikuwonjezeka, kusintha kwa nthawi yovomerezeka sikudziwika.Kupindika kwa M-um sikuwoneka kuti kukugwirizana ndi chiŵerengero cha shear-to-span.Izi zikugwirizana ndi zomwe Lu ndi Kennedy25 adawona pamitengo ya CFST yokhala ndi miyeso ya shear-to-span kuyambira 1.03 mpaka 5.05.Chifukwa chotheka cha mamembala a CFST ndi chakuti pazigawo zosiyanasiyana za kukameta ubweya, njira yotumizira mphamvu pakati pa konkriti pachimake ndi mipope yachitsulo imakhala yofanana, yomwe siidziwika bwino ngati mamembala a konkire olimbikitsidwa25.
Kuchokera mkuyu.8b imasonyeza kuti kunyamula mphamvu zitsanzo SB4 (r = 10%) ndi SB1 (r = 20%) ndi apamwamba pang'ono kapena otsika kuposa chitsanzo chikhalidwe CFST SB5 (r = 0), ndipo chinawonjezeka ndi 3.15 peresenti ndipo anatsika ndi 1.57 peresenti.Komabe, kuuma koyambilira (Kie) kwa zitsanzo za SB4 ndi SB1 ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa zitsanzo za SB5, zomwe ndi 19.03% ndi 18.11%, motsatana.Kuwuma kopindika (Kse) kwa zitsanzo za SB4 ndi SB1 mu gawo la opaleshoni ndi 8.16% ndi 7.53% apamwamba kuposa chitsanzo cha SB5, motsatira.Amawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa mphira m'malo mwa mphira sikukhudza mphamvu yopindika, koma kumakhudza kwambiri kuuma kopindika kwa zitsanzo za RuCFST.Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa chakuti plasticity wa mphira konkire mu zitsanzo RuCFST ndi apamwamba kuposa plasticity zachilengedwe konkire mu zitsanzo ochiritsira CFST.Nthawi zambiri, kusweka ndi kusweka mu konkire yachilengedwe kumayamba kufalikira kale kuposa konkire yopangidwa ndi mphira29.Kuchokera mmene kulephera akafuna wa m'munsi konkire (mkuyu. 4), ndi ming'alu ya chitsanzo SB5 (chilengedwe konkire) ndi zazikulu ndi wandiweyani kuposa chitsanzo SB1 (mphira konkire).Izi zitha kuthandizira kuletsa kwapamwamba komwe kumaperekedwa ndi mapaipi achitsulo a chitsanzo cha SB1 Reinforced Concrete poyerekeza ndi chitsanzo cha SB5 Natural Concrete.Kafukufuku wa Durate16 adafikanso pamalingaliro ofanana.
Kuchokera mkuyu.8c ikuwonetsa kuti chinthu cha RuCFST chili ndi luso lopindika bwino komanso ductility kuposa chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda kanthu.Mphamvu yopindika ya chitsanzo cha SB1 kuchokera ku RuCFST (r = 20%) ndi 68.90% yapamwamba kuposa chitsanzo cha SB6 kuchokera ku chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda kanthu, ndi kuuma koyambilira kopindika (Kie) ndi kuuma kopindika pogwira ntchito (Kse) ya chitsanzo SB1 wasintha mpaka +40.52% sabata., yomwe ili yoposa chitsanzo cha SB6, inali 16.88% yapamwamba.Kuphatikizika kwa chitoliro chachitsulo ndi konkire ya rubberized kumawonjezera mphamvu yosinthasintha komanso kuuma kwa chinthu chophatikizika.Zinthu za RuCFST zimawonetsa zitsanzo zabwino za ductility zikagwidwa ndi katundu wopindika.
Zotsatira zopindika zinafaniziridwa ndi mphindi zopindika zomwe zafotokozedwa m'mapangidwe amakono monga malamulo aku Japan AIJ (2008) 30, malamulo aku Britain BS5400 (2005) 31, malamulo aku Europe EC4 (2005) 32 ndi malamulo aku China GB50936 (2014) 33. mphindi yopindika. (Muc) ku mphindi yoyeserera (Mue) imaperekedwa mu Table 4 ndikuwonetsedwa mkuyu.9. Miyezo yowerengedwa ya AIJ (2008), BS5400 (2005) ndi GB50936 (2014) ndi 19%, 13.2% ndi 19.4% yotsika kuposa miyeso yoyesera, motsatana.Nthawi yopindika yowerengedwa ndi EC4 (2005) ndi 7% pansi pa mtengo woyeserera, womwe uli pafupi kwambiri.
Makina azinthu za RuCFST pansi pa kupindika koyera amafufuzidwa moyesera.Malingana ndi kafukufuku, mfundo zotsatirazi zikhoza kuganiziridwa.
Mamembala oyesedwa a RuCFST adawonetsa machitidwe ofanana ndi machitidwe achikhalidwe a CFST.Kupatulapo zitsanzo zopanda kanthu zazitsulo zachitsulo, zitsanzo za RuCFST ndi CFST zimakhala ndi ductility zabwino chifukwa cha kudzazidwa kwa konkire ya rabara ndi konkire.
Chiyerekezo cha kukameta ubweya kwa span chinali chosiyana kuchokera ku 3 mpaka 5 ndi zotsatira zochepa pa mphindi yoyesedwa komanso kuuma kopindika.Kuchuluka kwa mphira m'malo mwake sikukhudza kukana kwa chitsanzo mpaka kupindika mphindi, koma kumakhala ndi zotsatira zina pakuwuma kwachitsanzo.Kulimba kolimba koyambilira kwa chitsanzo cha SB1 chokhala ndi mphira wolowa m'malo mwa 10% ndi 19.03% kuposa momwe zimakhalira CFST SB5.Eurocode EC4 (2005) imalola kuwunika kolondola kwa mphamvu yopindika ya zinthu za RuCFST.Kuphatikizika kwa mphira ku konkire yoyambira kumathandizira kulimba kwa konkriti, ndikupangitsa kuti zinthu za Confucian zikhale zolimba.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-05-2023