Makina opanga masiteshoni ambiri amamaliza kuzungulira kwake kuti apange weld yotsekedwa kumapeto kwa chitoliro chamkuwa.
Tangoganizani mtsinje wamtengo wapatali pomwe mapaipi amadulidwa ndikupindika.M'dera lina la chomeracho, mphete ndi zida zina zamakina zimapangidwa ndi makina kenako zimatumizidwa kuti zikasonkhanitsidwe kuti ziwotchedwe kapena kukwanira kumapeto kwa machubu.Tsopano ganizirani mtengo womwewo, nthawi ino yotsirizidwa.Pankhaniyi, kupanga malekezero kumangowonjezera kapena kuchepetsa m'mimba mwake kumapeto kwa chitoliro, komanso kumapanga mawonekedwe ena osiyanasiyana, kuchokera kumagulu ovuta kupita ku ma whorls omwe amabwereza mphete zomwe zidagulitsidwa kale.
M'munda wa kupanga chitoliro, mapeto kupanga teknoloji pang'onopang'ono anayamba, ndi kupanga matekinoloje anayambitsa magawo awiri a zochita zokha mu ndondomekoyi.Choyamba, masitepe amatha kuphatikiza masitepe angapo kuti apangidwe molondola m'malo omwewo - makamaka, kukhazikitsa kumodzi komaliza.Kachiwiri, mapangidwe ovutawa akuphatikizidwa ndi njira zina zopangira zitoliro monga kudula ndi kupindika.
Ntchito zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mtundu uwu wa mapeto opangira makina ndi kupanga machubu olondola (nthawi zambiri mkuwa, aluminiyamu kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri) m'mafakitale monga magalimoto ndi HVAC.Apa, kupangidwa kwa malekezero kumachotsa zolumikizira zamakina zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zizitha kutulutsa mpweya kapena kutuluka kwamadzimadzi.Chubu ichi nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi mainchesi akunja a 1.5 mainchesi kapena kuchepera.
Maselo ena odzipangira okha otsogola kwambiri amayamba ndi machubu ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono omwe amaperekedwa mozungulira.Choyamba chimadutsa mu makina owongoka ndikudula mpaka kutalika.Loboti kapena chipangizo chomakina chimanyamula chogwirira ntchito kuti chipangidwe ndi kupindika komaliza.Kukonzekera kwa maonekedwe kumadalira zofunikira za ntchito, kuphatikizapo mtunda pakati pa bend ndi mawonekedwe omaliza okha.Nthawi zina loboti imatha kusuntha chogwirira ntchito chimodzi kuchokera kumapeto mpaka kupindika ndikubwerera ku mawonekedwe omaliza ngati ntchitoyo ikufuna chitoliro chopangidwa kumapeto onse awiri.
Kuchuluka kwa masitepe opangira, omwe angaphatikizepo machitidwe ena apamwamba opangira zitoliro, zimapangitsa kuti mtundu uwu ukhale wopindulitsa.M'machitidwe ena, chitolirocho chimadutsa m'malo asanu ndi atatu opangira mapeto.Kupanga chomera choterocho kumayamba ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zingatheke ndi kuumba kwamakono kotsiriza.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya zida zopangira zolondola.Zikhoma Zikhoma ndi "zida zolimba" zomwe zimapanga mapeto a chitoliro, zomwe zimachepetsa kapena kukulitsa mapeto a chitoliro mpaka m'mimba mwake yomwe mukufuna.Zida zozungulira zimawomba kapena zimatuluka kuchokera ku chitoliro kuti zitsimikizire kuti malo opanda burr ndi kumaliza kosasintha.Zida zina zozungulira zimagwira ntchito yogubuduza kuti apange mizere, ma notche ndi ma geometries ena (onani Chithunzi 1).
Kumapeto kwa mapangidwe amtunduwu kumatha kuyamba ndi chamfering, yomwe imapereka malo oyera komanso kutalika kosasinthasintha pakati pa clamp ndi kumapeto kwa chitoliro.Kukhomerera kufa kenako kumapanga njira yokhomerera (onani Chithunzi 2) pokulitsa ndi kulumikiza chitoliro, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zochulukirapo zipange mphete kuzungulira m'mimba mwake (OD).Kutengera ndi geometry, nkhonya zina zopondera zimatha kuyika mipiringidzo m'mimba mwake mwa chubu (izi zimathandiza kuteteza payipi ku chubu).Chida chozungulira chimatha kudula mbali ina yakunja, ndiyeno chida chomwe chimadula ulusi pamwamba.
Kutsata ndendende kwa zida ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatengera momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito.Ndi masiteshoni asanu ndi atatu m'malo ogwirira ntchito akale, kutsatizanaku kumatha kukhala kokulirapo.Mwachitsanzo, mndandanda wa zikwapu pang`onopang`ono amapanga lokwera pa mapeto a chubu, sitiroko wina kumawonjezera mapeto a chubu, ndiyeno ziwiri zikwapu compress mapeto kupanga lokwera.Kuchita opaleshoniyo m'magawo atatu nthawi zambiri kumakupatsani mwayi wopeza mikanda yapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo mawonekedwe amitundu yambiri amapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi ikhale yotheka.
Mapeto opangira pulogalamu amatsata magwiridwe antchito kuti akhale olondola kwambiri komanso obwerezabwereza.Mapeto aposachedwa amagetsi onse amatha kuwongolera bwino momwe akufa awo amafa.Koma kuwonjezera pa kukopa ndi ulusi, masitepe ambiri opangira nkhope akupanga.Momwe mawonekedwe achitsulo amadalira mtundu ndi mtundu wa zinthuzo.
Ganiziraninso za mikanda (onani Chithunzi 3).Monga m'mphepete mwachitsulo chachitsulo, m'mphepete mwatsekedwa mulibe mipata pamene mukupanga mapeto.Izi zimathandiza nkhonya kupanga mikanda pamalo enieni.Ndipotu nkhonyayo “imaboola” mkanda wamtundu winawake.Nanga bwanji mkanda wotseguka womwe umafanana ndi m'mphepete mwachitsulo chosawoneka bwino?Mpata pakati pa mkanda ukhoza kubweretsa mavuto ena oberekana m'mapulogalamu ena - osachepera ngati atapangidwa mofanana ndi mkanda wotsekedwa.Nkhonya zakufa zimatha kupanga mikanda yotseguka, koma popeza palibe chothandizira mkanda kuchokera m'mimba mwake (ID) ya chitoliro, mkanda umodzi ukhoza kukhala ndi geometry yosiyana pang'ono ndi yotsatira, kusiyana kumeneku pakulekerera kungakhale kovomerezeka kapena kosavomerezeka.
Nthawi zambiri, mafelemu omalizira amitundu yambiri amatha kutenga njira yosiyana.nkhonya nkhonya poyamba amakulitsa m'mimba mwake wa chitoliro, kupanga mafunde ngati akusowekapo kanthu.Chida chopangira mapeto odzigudubuza atatu chopangidwa ndi mawonekedwe ofunidwa olakwika amangirizidwa kuzungulira kunja kwa chitoliro ndi kukulunga mkanda.
Mapeto olondola amatha kupanga mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza asymmetrical.Komabe, kuumba kumapeto kuli ndi malire ake, ambiri omwe amakhudzana ndi kuumba kwa zinthuzo.Zipangizo zingathe kupirira peresenti inayake ya mapindikidwe.
Chithandizo cha kutentha kwa nkhonya pamwamba kumadalira mtundu wa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira.Mapangidwe awo ndi chithandizo chapamwamba amaganizira kusiyanasiyana kwa mikangano ndi zina zomaliza zomwe zimadalira zinthuzo.Zikhome zomwe zimapangidwira kumapeto kwa mapaipi azitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana kuposa nkhonya zomwe zimapangidwira kumapeto kwa mapaipi a aluminiyamu.
Zida zosiyanasiyana zimafunanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta.Pazinthu zolimba monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, mafuta owonjezera a mchere angagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo aluminiyamu kapena mkuwa, mafuta opanda poizoni angagwiritsidwe ntchito.Njira zoyatsira mafuta zimasiyananso.Kudula ndi kugudubuza mozungulira nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito nkhungu yamafuta, pomwe kupondaponda kutha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opaka jeti kapena mafuta.Mu nkhonya zina, mafuta amayenda molunjika kuchokera ku nkhonya kupita mkati mwake mwa chitoliro.
Omaliza okhala ndi malo ambiri amakhala ndi milingo yosiyanasiyana yoboola komanso kukakamiza.Zinthu zina kukhala zofanana, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cholimba chidzafuna kugunda ndi kukhomerera mwamphamvu kuposa aluminiyumu yofewa.
Kuyang'ana kufupi kwa machubu omwe amapangidwa, mutha kuwona momwe makinawo amapititsira chubu musanayambe kuzimitsa.Kusunga nthawi zonse, ndiko kuti, kutalika kwa zitsulo zomwe zimapitirira kupyola ndondomekoyi, ndizofunikira kwambiri.Kwa mipope yowongoka yomwe ingasunthidwe kumalo ena oyima, kusunga nsonga iyi sikovuta.
Zinthu zimasintha mukakumana ndi chitoliro chopindika kale (onani mkuyu 4).Njira yopindika imatha kutalikitsa chitoliro pang'ono, zomwe zimawonjezera kusinthika kwina.Pazikhazikiko izi, zida zodulira zozungulira ndi zoyang'ana zimadula ndikuyeretsa kumapeto kwa chitoliro kuti zitsimikizire kuti ndi pomwe ziyenera kukhala, monga momwe zidakonzedwera.
Funso limakhala chifukwa chiyani, mutapinda, chubu chimapezeka?Zimatengera zida ndi ntchito.Nthawi zambiri, template yomaliza imayikidwa pafupi ndi bend yokha kotero kuti palibe magawo owongoka omwe atsalira kuti chida chosindikizira chinyamule panthawi yopindika.Pazifukwa izi, zimakhala zosavuta kupindika chitolirocho ndikuchidutsa mpaka kumapeto, komwe chimachitikira muzitsulo zomwe zimafanana ndi bend radius.Kuchokera pamenepo, chojambula chomaliza chimadula zinthu zochulukirapo, kenako ndikupanga mawonekedwe omaliza a geometry (kachiwiri, pafupi kwambiri ndi kupindika kumapeto).
Nthawi zina, kupanga malekezero musanapindike kumatha kusokoneza zojambula zozungulira, makamaka ngati mawonekedwe ake amasokoneza chida chopindika.Mwachitsanzo, kukanikiza chitoliro chopindika kumatha kusokoneza mawonekedwe omwe adapangidwa kale.Kupanga ma bend omwe samawononga mawonekedwe omaliza a geometry amatha kukhala ovuta kuposa momwe amafunikira.Pazifukwa izi, zimakhala zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo kukonzanso chitoliro mutatha kupinda.
Ma cell akupanga ma cell angaphatikizepo njira zambiri zopangira mapaipi (onani Chithunzi 5).Machitidwe ena amagwiritsa ntchito kupindika ndi kupanga mapeto, komwe kumakhala kophatikizana kogwirizana ndi momwe njira ziwirizi zikugwirizanirana.Zochita zina zimayamba ndikupanga kumapeto kwa chitoliro chowongoka, kenako nkumapindika ndi kukoka kozungulira kuti apange ma radii, kenako ndikubwerera kumapeto kwa makina opangira makina kuti agwire mbali ina ya chitoliro.
Mpunga.2. Mipukutu yomaliza iyi imapangidwa pamphepete mwa masiteshoni ambiri, pomwe nkhonya yokhomerera imakulitsa m'mimba mwake ndipo ina imakanikizira zinthuzo kupanga mkanda.
Pankhaniyi, ndondomekoyi imayang'anira kusintha kwa ndondomeko.Mwachitsanzo, popeza yachiwiri mapeto kupanga ntchito ikuchitika pambuyo kupinda, kudula njanji ndi mapeto yokonza ntchito pa mapeto kupanga makina kupereka overhang mosalekeza ndi bwino mapeto mawonekedwe khalidwe.Zinthuzo zikamafanana kwambiri, m'pamenenso njira yomaliza yowumba idzakhala yowonjezereka.
Mosasamala kanthu za kuphatikizika kwa njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu selo lodzipangira-kaya likupindika ndi kupanga malekezero, kapena kukhazikitsidwa komwe kumayamba ndi kupotoza chitoliro-momwe chitoliro chimadutsa m'magawo osiyanasiyana zimatengera zofunikira za ntchitoyo.M'makina ena, chitolirocho chimadyetsedwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku mpukutuwo kudzera mu dongosolo la mayanidwe kupita kumalo a rotary bender.Zingwe izi zimagwira chitoliro pomwe chopangira chomaliza chimasunthidwa m'malo.Njira yopangira mathero ikamaliza kuzungulira kwake, makina opindika ozungulira amayamba.Pambuyo kupinda, chida amadula yomalizidwa workpiece.Dongosololi limatha kupangidwa kuti lizigwira ntchito ndi ma diameter osiyanasiyana, kugwiritsa ntchito nkhonya yapadera imafa kumapeto kwa zida zakale komanso zomangika m'dzanja lamanzere ndi ma benders ozungulira dzanja lamanja.
Komabe, ngati ntchito yopindika ikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito chopimitsira mpira mkati mwake mwa chitoliro, kuyikako sikungagwire ntchito chifukwa chitoliro chomwe chimalowetsedwa munjira yopindika chimachokera ku spool.Kukonzekera kumeneku sikulinso koyenera kwa mapaipi kumene mawonekedwe amafunikira kumapeto onse awiri.
Zikatere, chipangizo chophatikizana ndi makina ophatikizira ndi ma robotic chikhoza kukhala chokwanira.Mwachitsanzo, chitoliro chikhoza kumasulidwa, kuphwanyidwa, kudula, ndiyeno loboti idzayika chidutswa chodulidwa mu bender yozungulira, kumene mandrels a mpira amatha kuikidwa kuti ateteze kusinthika kwa khoma la chitoliro panthawi yopindika.Kuchokera pamenepo, loboti imatha kusuntha chubu chopindika kupita ku chojambula chomaliza.Inde, dongosolo la ntchito likhoza kusintha malinga ndi zofunikira za ntchitoyo.
Machitidwe otere angagwiritsidwe ntchito pakupanga kwapamwamba kwambiri kapena kukonza pang'ono, mwachitsanzo, magawo asanu a mawonekedwe amodzi, magawo 10 a mawonekedwe ena, ndi magawo 200 a mawonekedwe ena.Mapangidwe a makina amathanso kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito, makamaka pankhani yoyika zida zoikika ndikupereka zilolezo zofunikira pazantchito zosiyanasiyana (onani mkuyu 6).Mwachitsanzo, tatifupi kukwera mu mbiri mapeto amene amavomereza chigongono ayenera kukhala ndi chilolezo chokwanira kugwira chigongono pamalo nthawi zonse.
Dongosolo lolondola limalola magwiridwe antchito ofanana.Mwachitsanzo, loboti imatha kuyika chitoliro kumapeto kwake, ndiyeno yomaliza ikayamba kupalasa njinga, lobotiyo imatha kudyetsa chubu lina kukhala bender yozungulira.
Pamakina omwe adakhazikitsidwa kumene, opanga mapulogalamu amakhazikitsa ma templates a ntchito.Pakuumba komaliza, izi zingaphatikizepo zambiri monga kuchuluka kwa chakudya cha nkhonya, pakati pakati pa nkhonya ndi nip, kapena kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa opareshoni.Komabe, ma tempuletiwa akakhazikika, kukonza mapulogalamu kumakhala kofulumira komanso kosavuta, pomwe wopanga mapulogalamuwo amasintha madongosolo ake ndikukhazikitsa magawo kuti agwirizane ndi zomwe zikuchitika pano.
Machitidwe otere amakonzedwanso kuti agwirizane ndi chilengedwe cha Industry 4.0 ndi zida zowonetseratu zomwe zimayesa kutentha kwa injini ndi deta ina, komanso kuyang'anira zipangizo (mwachitsanzo, chiwerengero cha magawo omwe amapangidwa panthawi inayake).
M'chizimezime, kutulutsa komaliza kumangosinthika.Apanso, ndondomekoyi ndi yochepa ponena za kupsyinjika kwa peresenti.Komabe, palibe chomwe chimalepheretsa mainjiniya opanga kupanga zida zapadera zopangira malekezero.M'maopareshoni ena, nkhonya imalowetsedwa mkati mwake mwa chitoliro ndikukakamiza chitolirocho kuti chiwonjezeke m'mabowo mkati mwa chitolirocho.Zida zina zimapanga mawonekedwe omaliza omwe amakulitsa madigiri 45, zomwe zimapangitsa mawonekedwe asymmetrical.
Maziko a zonsezi ndi kuthekera kwa multiposition end shaper.Pamene ntchito zikhoza kuchitidwa "pa sitepe imodzi", pali zotheka zosiyanasiyana zomaliza mapangidwe.
FABRICATOR ndi magazini otsogola ku North America opanga zitsulo komanso kupanga zitsulo.Magaziniyi imasindikiza nkhani, zolemba zamakono ndi nkhani zopambana zomwe zimathandiza opanga kupanga ntchito yawo bwino.FABRICATOR wakhala akugulitsa kuyambira 1970.
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Gawo 2 la magawo athu awiri a Ray Ripple, wojambula zitsulo za Texan komanso wowotcherera, akupitiliza ...
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-08-2023